Ant based heuristic for OS service distribution on ad hoc networks

This paper presents a basic and an extended heuristic to distribute operating system (OS) services over mobile ad hoc networks. The heuristics are inspired by the foraging behavior of ants and are used within our NanoOS, an OS for distributed applications. The NanoOS offers an uniform environment of execution and the code of the OS is distributed among nodes. We propose a basic and an extended swarm optimization based heuristic to control the service migration in order to reduce the communication overhead. In the basic one, each service request leaves pheromone in the nodes on its path to the service provider (like ants leave pheromone when foraging). An optimization step occurs when the service provider migrates to the neighbor node with the higher pheromone concentration. The proposed extension takes into account the position of the node in the network and its energy. Realized simulations have shown that the basic heuristic performs well. The total communication cost in average is just 40% higher than the global optimum. In addition, both heuristics have a low computational requirement.1st IFIP International Conference on Biologically Inspired Cooperative Computing - Biological Inspiration 2Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Biologically inspired methods for organizing distributed services on sensor networks

Tales HeimfarthPaderborn, Univ., Diss., 200

Emergent distribution of operating system services in wireless ad hoc networks

Despite the advances in wireless, energy-constrained ad hoc networks, there are still many challenges given the limited capabilities of the current hardware. Therefore, our aim is to develop a lightweight, yet powerful operating system (OS) for these networks. We reject the brute force method of provisioning all necessary OS services at each node of the system. Instead, our approach aims to distribute the set of requested OS services over the network to reduce and balance load, improve quality of service, increase fairness and predictability. To limit the burden imposed on the network by the service distribution mechanism, only a subset of nodes, the coordinators, chosen by an underlying stateof- the-art topology control, are concerned with this task. Coordinators observe the state of nodes and OS services within their one-hop vicinity, i.e. their decision area, incorporating different aspects, such as energy, utilisation, or available resources in their decisions. Although each coordinator acquires information and triggers migrations of service states only locally within its decision area, a global-level result emerges, as decision areas naturally overlap. In this manner, an increased amount of work load e.g. in one decision area “floats” to the surrounding decision areas attracted by better conditions. In ns-2 simulations we demonstrate that the mechanism of emergence, which produces many fascinating results in natural systems, can successfully be applied in artificial systems to considerably increase the efficiency and quality of OS service distribution.1st IFIP International Conference on Biologically Inspired Cooperative Computing - Robotics and Sensor NetworksRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Ant based heuristic for OS service distribution on ad hoc networks

This paper presents a basic and an extended heuristic to distribute operating system (OS) services over mobile ad hoc networks. The heuristics are inspired by the foraging behavior of ants and are used within our NanoOS, an OS for distributed applications. The NanoOS offers an uniform environment of execution and the code of the OS is distributed among nodes. We propose a basic and an extended swarm optimization based heuristic to control the service migration in order to reduce the communication overhead. In the basic one, each service request leaves pheromone in the nodes on its path to the service provider (like ants leave pheromone when foraging). An optimization step occurs when the service provider migrates to the neighbor node with the higher pheromone concentration. The proposed extension takes into account the position of the node in the network and its energy. Realized simulations have shown that the basic heuristic performs well. The total communication cost in average is just 40% higher than the global optimum. In addition, both heuristics have a low computational requirement.1st IFIP International Conference on Biologically Inspired Cooperative Computing - Biological Inspiration 2Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Model and implementation of body movement recognition using Support Vector Machines and Finite State Machines with cartesian coordinates input for gesture-based interaction

The growth in the use of gesture-based interaction in video games has highlighted the potential for the use of such interaction method for a wide range of applications. This paper presents the implementation of an enhanced model for gesture recognition as input method for software applications. The model uses Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Finite State Machines (FSM) and the implementation was based on a Kinect R device. The model uses data input based on Cartesian coordinates. The use of Cartesian coordinates enables more flexibility to generalise the use of the model to different applications, when compared to related work encountered in the literature based on accelerometer devices for data input. The results showed that the use of SVM and FSM with Cartesian coordinates as input for gesture-based interaction is very promising. The success rate in gesture recognition was 98%, from a training corpus of 9 sets obtained by recording real users’ gestures. A proof-of-concept implementation of the gesture recognition interaction was performed using the application Google Earth(R). A preliminary acceptance evaluation with users indicated that the interaction with the system via the implementation reported was satisfactory.Facultad de Informátic

Coordinating Aerial Robots and Unattended Ground Sensors for Intelligent Surveillance Systems

Sensor networks are being used to implement different types of sophisticated emerging applications, such as those aimed at supporting ambient intelligence and surveillance systems. This usage is enhanced by employing sensors with different characteristics in terms of sensing, computing and mobility capabilities, working cooperatively in the network. However, the design and deployment of these heterogeneous systems present several issues that have to be handled in order to meet the user expectations. The main problems are related to the nodes‘ interoperability and the overall resource allocation, both inter and intra nodes. The first problem requires a common platform that abstracts the nodes’ heterogeneity and provides a smooth communication, while the second is handled by cooperation mechanisms supported by the platform. Moreover, as the nodes are supposed to be heterogeneous, a customizable platform is required to support both resource rich and poorer nodes. This paper analyses surveillance systems based on a heterogeneous sensor network, which is composed by lowend ground sensor nodes and autonomous aerial robots, i.e. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), carrying different kinds of sensors. The approach proposed in this work tackles the two above mentioned problems by using a customizable hardware platform and a middleware to support interoperability. Experimental results are also provided

Plataforma de comunicação tempo real sobre clusters SCI

Devido a sua baixa latência de banda, os clusters equipados com o adaptador SCI são uma alternativa para sistemas de tempo real distribuídos. Esse trabalho apresenta o projeto e implementação de uma plataforma de comunicação de tempo real sobre clusters SCI. O hardware padrão do SCI não se mostra adequado para a transmissão de tráfego de tempo real devido ao problema da contenção de acesso ao meio que causa inversão de prioridade. Por isso uma disciplina de acesso ao meio é implementada como parte da plataforma. Através da arquitetura implementada é possível o estabelecimento de canais de comunicação com garantia de banda. Assim, aplicações multimídias, por exemplo, podem trocar com taxa constante de conunicação. Cada mensagem é enviada somente uma vez. Assim, mensagens som a semântica de eventos podem ser enviadas. Além disso, a ordem e o tamanho das mensagens são garantidos. Além do tráfego com largura de banda garantida, a plataforma possibilita a troca de pacotes IP entre diferentes máquinas do cluster. Esses pacotes são inseridos no campo de dados dos pacotes próprios da plataforma e após são enviados através do uso de pacotes IP. Além disso, essa funcionalidade da plataforma permite também a execução de bibliotecas de comunicação baseadas em TCP/IP como o MPI sobre o cluster SCI. A plataforma de comunicação é implementada como modulos do sistema operacional Linux com a execução de tempo real RTAI. A valiação da plataforma mostrou que mesmo em cenários com muita comunicação entre todos os nodos correndo, a largura de banda reservada para cada canal foi mantida

Plataforma de comunicação tempo real sobre clusters SCI

Devido a sua baixa latência de banda, os clusters equipados com o adaptador SCI são uma alternativa para sistemas de tempo real distribuídos. Esse trabalho apresenta o projeto e implementação de uma plataforma de comunicação de tempo real sobre clusters SCI. O hardware padrão do SCI não se mostra adequado para a transmissão de tráfego de tempo real devido ao problema da contenção de acesso ao meio que causa inversão de prioridade. Por isso uma disciplina de acesso ao meio é implementada como parte da plataforma. Através da arquitetura implementada é possível o estabelecimento de canais de comunicação com garantia de banda. Assim, aplicações multimídias, por exemplo, podem trocar com taxa constante de conunicação. Cada mensagem é enviada somente uma vez. Assim, mensagens som a semântica de eventos podem ser enviadas. Além disso, a ordem e o tamanho das mensagens são garantidos. Além do tráfego com largura de banda garantida, a plataforma possibilita a troca de pacotes IP entre diferentes máquinas do cluster. Esses pacotes são inseridos no campo de dados dos pacotes próprios da plataforma e após são enviados através do uso de pacotes IP. Além disso, essa funcionalidade da plataforma permite também a execução de bibliotecas de comunicação baseadas em TCP/IP como o MPI sobre o cluster SCI. A plataforma de comunicação é implementada como modulos do sistema operacional Linux com a execução de tempo real RTAI. A valiação da plataforma mostrou que mesmo em cenários com muita comunicação entre todos os nodos correndo, a largura de banda reservada para cada canal foi mantida